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Tax Havens and Their Use
Komárková, Renata ; Filipová, Vladimíra (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the characteristics of tax havens, approach beneficiary companies and way of their use and potential abuse. The first part defines basic terms, which are tax havens are closely linked. The second part is devoted to the characterization chosen tax havens in different areas of model-based taxation example of two types of companies. The third part contains the suggestions and recommendations for setting up a company in a tax haven.
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Tax Heavens from Czech Republic Perspective
Zeman, David ; Hodinková, Monika (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
In the theoretical part this work deals with the concept of tax havens, their distribution, use and selection. The second part compares three companies in the Czech Republic with a turnover of hundreds of thousands to several millions, and it demonstrates which for them would be advantageous or disadvantageous - to operate in the tax haven compared to staying in the Czech Republic.
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Analysis of Tax Havens in International Tax Planning
Bolf, David ; Klusáčková, Veronika (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of Tax Havens in the International Tax Planning. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is concerned with the internation tax planning. In the second part, the term tax havens is clarified together with the dilema of the bank secrecy, and the situation accrording to the fight against tax havens. The third part dedicates and analyses the tax havens in a detail view. The last part aims to analyse data and sorts tax havens into the categories by potentionallities of usage.
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Tax Havens and their Utilization
Malý, Zdeněk ; Dubový, Roman (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes the topic of tax havens and their usage. Further it describes issues of international tax planning. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one, theoretical, explains basic concepts of this issue. Analytical part follows with description of present state of taxation in selected countries. The last section of this thesis shows some uses of tax havens and whether or not it offers tax advantages.
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Profit shifting of European banks: Evidence from Global Reporting Initiative data
Sůva, Daniel ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Pavlova, Alena (referee)
This thesis investigates the profit shifting practices of European banks using country-by-country reporting data. The main contribution is the first use of Global Reporting Initiative reports by hand-collecting a sample of six banks. The thesis estimates the banks' effective tax rates in two ways, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. Additionally, the study com- pares the economic activity, employees, and tangible assets in tax havens and estimates multiple models to estimate the amount of shifted profits into tax havens. The analysis finds no significant connection between the effective tax rate of jurisdiction and booked profits, which is in contrast to a large body of existing literature. It concludes that the sampled banks do not systematically use tax havens but confirms a positive relationship between a bank's size and its participation in profit shifting. The thesis also highlights the correlation between tax transparency and lower tax avoidance among the sampled banks, which is in line with the hypothesis that increased transparency can increase tax revenue.
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Anti-Tax Avoidance Measures from the Perspective of Czech, European Union and International Tax Law
Kappel, Jiří ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
This dissertation deals with the issue of tax avoidance, which has been intensively discussed at international, EU and national level in recent years and has led to relatively extensive reforms of general and specific rules responding to this problem. For this reason, the main objective of this dissertation is to identify the impact of anti-avoidance rules that can be applied in the Czech Republic on the application practice, especially in the area of corporate income tax. With regard to the main objective of the dissertation, two hypotheses are formulated which will be examined, namely that I. these rules currently represent a sufficiently effective solution to tax avoidance and II. these rules do not contradict fundamental legal principles. As the rules under examination are not contained only in domestic law, the issue will also be approached from the perspective of EU and international law. Among the scientific methods, the thesis mainly uses description to introduce the individual rules, analysis to critically assess them and synthesis to formulate conclusions, verify hypotheses and propose related normative recommendations. Key words Tax Avoidance, GAAR, SAAR, BEPS
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General Anti-Abuse Rule
Vraštil, Martin ; Sejkora, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kotáb, Petr (referee)
GeneralAnti-Abuse Rule Abstract This thesis first deals in general terms with the basic classification of taxpayers' strategies for reducing their taxes based on compliance of these strategies with the law. It then focuses on the legislative responses having the form of General Anti-Avoidance Rule of the supranational and the state entities which are most relevant in relation to Czech taxpayers. These are the General Anti-Avoidance Rules contained in the sources of European Union law and the General Anti-Avoidance Rules contained in the legal order of the Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to determine the content of the General Anti-Avoidance Rule and thus to answer the question of what this measure truly is. This aim is achieved by analysing relevant sources of law and secondary literature, by describing the content of the European and Czech General Anti-Avoidance Rules and by comparing them with each other. In the chapter which is dealing with General Anti-Avoidance Rules in the European Union, this thesis first focuses on the historical development of various forms of General Anti-Avoidance Rules in European Union law. In this chapter the author then describes the particular components of a European General Anti-Avoidance Rules, which precisely represent the procedural steps a tax authority...
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Tax avoidance by multinational corporations: An empirical analysis based on firm-level data
Godar, Sarah ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Barrios, Salvador (referee) ; Lejour, Arjan (referee) ; Weichenrieder, Alfons (referee)
Tax avoidance by multinational corporations An empirical analysis based on firm-level data Author: Sarah Godar Abstract In this thesis, I use confidential firm-level data from the Microdatabase Direct Investment (MiDi database) provided by the Deutsche Bundesbank to analyze tax avoidance by German MNCs. While such data has frequently been used in tax-avoidance research, it has yet to be employed to derive macro-level estimates of tax avoidance by Germany-based MNCs. My MiDi-based research includes an estimation of the scale of profit shifting by German affiliates of foreign MNCs and related tax-revenue losses (Chapter 1), as well as an investigation of the tax-haven use and distribution of profits and economic activity of MNCs headquartered in Germany (Chapter 2). Finally, in collaboration with several co-authors, I investigate relatively new micro data on the global tax payments and activities of multinational corporations, voluntarily published by individual MNCs following the implementation of the new CbCR standard (Chapter 3). I employ different methodological approaches depending on the quality of the data and the research focus of each chapter. In the first chapter, I employ a standard microeconometric approach to identify profit- shifting and estimate the semi-elasticities of MNCs' profits with...
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Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance
Richtárová, Marie Anna ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Dubinina, Evgeniya (referee)
Existing empirical results suggest inequality of the global distribution of tax revenue loss resulting from tax avoidance techniques as base erosion and profit shifting to the detriment of developing countries. International Mon- etary Fund researchers conducted a pioneering study in this field in 2016 and introduced an innovative methodology to quantify the revenue impact. The aim of this thesis is firstly to re-estimate their model. Moreover, among other changes in the data, we exploit high-quality revenue data from the International Centre for Tax and Development-World Institute for Develop- ment Economics Research Government Revenue Database with an extended time range offering so more recent and accurate estimates of global revenue loss. Our findings suggest a slightly lower estimate of US$550 billion revenue loss globally. In terms of percent of the gross domestic product, the results indicate a less severe revenue loss compared to previous estimates. Follow- ing a previous re-estimation carried out by Cobham and Janský in 2018, we present updated loss estimates disaggregated for country income groups and regions. The results present further evidence of greater severity of rev- enue loss due to tax avoidance in low and lower-middle income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America & the...
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